Betaine ke motsoako oa tlhaho oa tlhaho o ajoang haholo limela le liphoofolo.Joaloka motsoako oa lijo, o fanoa ka mofuta oa anhydrous kapa hydrochloride. E ka ekeletsoa lijong tsa liphoofolo bakeng sa merero e fapaneng.
Ntlha ea pele, merero ena e ka 'na ea amana le bokhoni bo sebetsang haholo ba methyl ea betaine, eo haholo-holo e hlahang sebeteng.Ka lebaka la ho fetisoa ha lihlopha tsa methyl tse sa tsitsang, motsoako oa metsoako e sa tšoaneng e kang methionine, carnitine le creatine e khothalletsoa.
Ea bobeli, morero oa ho eketsa betaine lijong e ka 'na ea amana le mosebetsi oa eona e le tšireletso ea organic penetrant.Mosebetsing ona, betaine e thusa lisele ho pholletsa le' mele ho boloka tekanyo ea metsi le mosebetsi oa sele, haholo-holo nakong ea khatello ea maikutlo.Mohlala o tsebahalang haholo ke phello e ntle ea betaine ho liphoofolo tlas'a khatello ea mocheso.
Ho likolobe, liphello tse fapaneng tsa molemo tsa betaine supplementation li 'nile tsa hlalosoa.Sengoliloeng sena se tla tsepamisa maikutlo holim'a karolo ea betaine e le tlatsetso ea phepelo bophelong ba mala a likolobe tse khoesitsoeng.
Liphuputso tse 'maloa tsa betaine li tlalehile phello ea tšilo ea limatlafatsi ka har'a li-ileum kapa kakaretso ea tšilo ea lijo ea likolobe. Litlhahlobo tse pheta-phetoang tsa ho eketseha ha leal digestibility ea fiber (fiber e sa jeleng paate kapa e sa nke lehlakore le e nang le acid detergent fiber) e bontša hore betaine e susumetsa ho belisoa ha libaktheria tse seng li ntse li le teng ka maleng a manyenyane, hobane ha ho na karolo ea enzyme ea mala. limatlafatsi, tse ka lokolloang nakong ea ho senyeha ha fiber ena ea likokoana-hloko.
Ka lebaka leo, ho ile ha boela ha hlokomeloa taba e omileng e omileng le tšilo ea molora oa molora. Ka kakaretso ea tšilo ea lijo, ho tlalehiloe hore likolobe tse tlatsitsoeng ka 800 mg betaine / kg lijo li ntlafalitse protheine e tala (+ 6.4%) le ntho e omileng (+ 4.2%). protheine e tala (+ 3.7%) le ether extract (+ 6.7%) e ile ea ntlafatsoa.
Lebaka le leng le ka 'nang la e-ba teng bakeng sa keketseho e hlokometsoeng ea tšilo ea limatlafatsi ke phello ea betaine tlhahiso ea enzyme.Phuputsong ea morao-rao ea vivo mabapi le ho eketsoa ha betaine ho li-piglets tse khoesitsoeng, mosebetsi oa li-enzyme tsa tšilo ea lijo (amylase, maltase, lipase, trypsin le chymotrypsin) ka chyme e ile ea hlahlojoa ntle le ts'ebetso ea malt e eketsehileng. betaine e ne e tsebahala haholo ho 2,500 mg betaine / kg ho fepa ho feta 1,250 mg / kg. Keketseho ea ts'ebetso e ka 'na ea e-ba phello ea ho eketseha ha tlhahiso ea enzyme, kapa e ka ba phello ea ho eketseha ha katleho ea catalytic ea enzyme.
Setšoantšo sa 1-Mosebetsi oa enzyme ea tšilo ea mala ea likolobe tse tlatsitsoeng ka 0 mg/kg, 1,250 mg/kg kapa 2,500 mg/kg betaine.
Liteko tsa in vitro, ho ile ha pakoa hore ka ho eketsa NaCl ho hlahisa khatello e phahameng ea osmotic, ts'ebetso ea trypsin le amylase e ne e thibetsoe. Ho eketsa litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa betaine tekong ena ho ile ha tsosolosa phello ea inhibitory ea NaCl le ho eketseha ha mosebetsi oa enzyme.
Hase feela tšilo ea lijo e ntseng e eketseha e ka hlalosang keketseho e tlalehiloeng ea ts'ebetso ea kholo le sekhahla sa phepelo ea phepelo ea likolobe e tlatsitsoeng ka lijo tsa betaine.Ho eketsa betaine ho lijo tsa likolobe ho boetse ho fokotsa litlhoko tsa matla a tlhokomelo ea liphoofolo.Khopolo-taba ea phello ena e hlokometsoeng ke hore ha betaine e ka sebelisoa ho boloka khatello ea intracellular osmotic, tlhokahalo ea lipompo tsa ion e fokotsehile, e leng ho fokotseha ha matla a matla. betaine e lebelletsoe ho hlahella haholoanyane ka ho eketsa phepelo ea matla bakeng sa kholo ho fapana le tlhokomelo.
Lisele tsa epithelial tse koahelang lerako la mala li hloka ho sebetsana ka katleho le maemo a fapaneng a osmotic a hlahisoang ke lisebelisoa tsa luminal nakong ea tšilo ea lijo. Ho phaella moo, ho 'nile ha hlokomeloa hore maemo ana a angoa ke lijo tsa betaine.Lisele tse leka-lekaneng hantle li tla ba le ho ata ho ntlafetseng le bokhoni bo ntlafetseng ba ho hlaphoheloa.
Phuputsong e 'ngoe, ho ne ho ka bonoa keketseho ea bophahamo ba villi ka duodenum, jejunum le ileum, empa ho ne ho se na phello botebong ba li-crypts.Joalokaha ho hlokometsoe likhoho tsa broiler tse tšoaelitsoeng ke coccidia, phello ea tšireletso ea betaine mohahong oa mala e ka ba ea bohlokoa le ho feta tlas'a mathata a itseng (osmotic).
Thibelo ea mala e entsoe haholo-holo ka lisele tsa epithelial, tse hokahaneng ka liprotheine tse thata tsa matekoane.Botšepehi ba mokoallo ona ke ba bohlokoa ho thibela ho kena ha lintho tse kotsi le libaktheria tsa pathogenic, tse neng li ka baka ho ruruha.
E le ho lekanya tšusumetso ea phello ea thibelo, liteko tsa in vitro tsa lisele tsa lisele li atisa ho sebelisoa ho lekanya transepithelial motlakase resistance (TEER) .Ka tšebeliso ea betaine, TEER e ntlafetseng e ka bonoa litekong tse ngata tsa in vitro. e bontšang ho eketseha ha mocheso ho hanyetsa.
Setšoantšo sa 2-In vitro liphello tsa mocheso o phahameng le betaine ho cell transepithelial resistance (TEER).
Ho phaella moo, thutong ea in vivo ho likolobe tsa likolobe, polelo e ntseng e eketseha ea liprotheine tse thata (occludin, claudin1, le zonula occludens-1) liseleng tsa jejunum tsa liphoofolo tse amohetseng 1,250 mg / kg betaine li ile tsa lekanngoa ha li bapisoa le sehlopha sa taolo. thibelo ea mala a matla.Ha betaine e eketsoa lijong tsa likolobe tse ntseng li hōla-ho qeta, ho eketseha ha matla a mala a mala ho ne ho lekanyetsoa nakong ea polao.
Haufinyane tjena, liphuputso tse 'maloa li amahantse betaine le tsamaiso ea antioxidant' me li hlalositse li-radicals tsa mahala tse fokotsehileng, maemo a fokotsehileng a malondialdehyde (MDA), le mosebetsi o ntlafetseng oa glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).
Betaine ha e sebetse feela e le osmoprotectant liphoofolong.Ho phaella moo, libaktheria tse ngata li ka bokella betaine ka de novo synthesis kapa lipalangoang ho tloha tikolohong.Ho na le matšoao a hore betaine e ka ba le phello e ntle palong ea libaktheria ka har'a mala a likolobe tse khoesitsoeng.Palo eohle ea libaktheria tsa ileal, haholo-holo li-lactobacilli li eketsehile. Enterobacter e ile ea fumanoa mantleng.
Qetellong, ho hlokomeloa hore phello ea betaine ka bophelo bo botle ba mala a likolobe tse khoesitsoeng ke phokotso ea sekhahla sa letšollo. Phello ena e ka 'na ea itšetleha ka tekanyo ea tekanyo: tlatsetso ea lijo 2,500 mg / kg betaine e sebetsa ho feta 1,250 mg / kg betaine ho fokotsa sekhahla sa letšollo. ha 800 mg/kg ea betaine e eketsoa, ​​sekhahla le sekhahla sa letšollo ho likolobe tse khoesitsoeng li tlase.
Betaine e na le boleng bo tlase ba pKa e ka bang 1.8, e lebisang ho arohaneng ha betaine HCl ka mor'a ho kenngoa, e lebisang ho gastric acidification.
Lijo tse thahasellisang ke bokhoni ba acidification ea betaine hydrochloride e le mohloli oa betaine.Meriana ea batho, li-supplement tsa betaine HCl hangata li sebelisoa hammoho le pepsin ho tšehetsa batho ba nang le mathata a mala le mathata a tšilo ea lijo. Tabeng ena, betaine hydrochloride e ka sebelisoa e le mohloli o sireletsehileng oa hydrochloric acid. bohlokoa.
Hoa tsebahala hore pH ea lero la ka mpeng ea likolobe tse khoesitsoeng e ka ba holimo haholo (pH> 4), e tla ama ts'ebetso ea pepsin precursor to its precursor pepsinogen. Optimal protein tshilo ha e bohlokoa feela hore liphoofolo li fumane phumaneho e ntle ea limatlafatsi tsena. lets'ollo.Betaine e na le boleng bo tlase ba pKa e ka bang 1.8, e lebisang ho arohana ha betaine HCl ka mor'a ho kenngoa, e lebisang ho gastric acidification.
Reacidification ena ea nako e khutšoanyane e 'nile ea hlokomeloa thutong ea pele ho batho le lithuto tsa lintja.Ka mor'a tekanyo e le' ngoe ea 750 mg kapa 1,500 mg ea betaine hydrochloride, pH ea mpa ea lintja pele e neng e phekoloa ka mahlahana a ho fokotsa acid ea gastric e theohile haholo ho tloha hoo e ka bang 7 ho ea ho pH 2. Leha ho le joalo, ka pHtaine e sa sebetsaneng le lintja e ne e sa sebetsane le lintja tse neng li sa phekoloe, lintja li ne li sa tšoaroe. Tlatsetso ea HCl.
Betaine e na le phello e ntle maphelong a mala a likolobe tse khoesitsoeng.Tlhahlobo ena ea lingoliloeng e totobatsa menyetla e fapaneng ea betaine ho ts'ehetsa tšilo ea limatlafatsi le ho monya, ho ntlafatsa litšitiso tsa 'mele tse sireletsang, ho susumetsa microbiota, le ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho itšireletsa ba malinyane.