Lithuto tse entsoeng ho likhoto li tiisitse hore betaine e bapala karolo ea mofani oa methyl sebeteng 'me e laoloa kebetainehomocysteine ​​methyltransferase (BHMT) le p-cysteine ​​sulfide β Synthetase (β Taolo ea cyst (mud et al., 1965). Sephetho sena se tiisitsoe likolobeng le likhoho. Ha phepelo ea methyl e sa lekana, 'mele oa phoofolo o etsa hore hemiaminic acid e ngata e amohele methyl ea betaine ka ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea BHMT ho etsa methionine ebe e fana ka methyl. Ha ho eketsoa betaine ea tekanyo e tlase, ka lebaka la phepelo e fokolang ea methyl 'meleng, sebete se eketsa linako tsa potoloho ea homocysteine ​​​​→ methionine ka ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea BMT le ho sebelisa betaine e le substrate, e le ho fana ka methyl e lekaneng bakeng sa metabolism ea lintho tse bonahalang. Ka tekanyo e phahameng, ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha bongata bo boholo babetaine, ka lehlakoreng le leng, sebete se fana ka methyl bakeng sa receptor ea methyl ka ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea BHMT, 'me ka lehlakoreng le leng, karolo ea homocysteine ​​​​e etsa cysteine ​​​​sulfide ka tsela ea phetisetso ea sebabole, e le ho boloka tsela ea metabolism ea methyl ea' mele e le boemong bo tsitsitseng ba matla. Teko e bontša hore ho bolokehile ho nkela karolo ea methionine sebakeng sa lijo tsa letata la broiler sebaka ka betaine. Betaine e ka monngoa ke lisele tsa mala a khoho, ea fokotsa tšenyo ea lithethefatsi liseleng tsa mala, ea ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho monngoa ha lisele tsa mala a khoho, ea khothaletsa ho monngoa ha limatlafatsi, 'me qetellong ea ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso le ho hanyetsa mafu a likhoho.

Betainee ka kgothaletsa ho ntshuwa ha GH, e ka kgothaletsang ho kopanngwa ha protheine, ya fokotsa ho bola ha di-amino acid mme ya etsa hore mmele o be le botsitso bo botle ba naetrojene. Betaine e ka eketsa adenosine monophosphate e potolohang sebeteng le pituitary（ˆ Dikahare tsa am, e le ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ya endocrine ya pituitary le ho kgothaletsa ho kopanngwa le ho lokollwa ha (h, thyroid stimulating hormone) ke disele tsa pituitary. α SH le dihormone tse ding di ka eketsa polokelo ya naetrojene ya mmele, e le ho kgothaletsa kgolo ya diphoofolo le dikgoho. Teko e bontsha hore betaine e ka eketsa haholo maemo a serum h le IGF dikolobeng ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng, ya kgothaletsa haholo sekhahla sa kgolo ya dikolobe ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng le ho fokotsa karolelano ya boima ba dijo. Likolobe tse nyane tse kgwesitsweng, dikolobe tse holang le dikolobe tse qetang di ile tsa fepuwa ka dijo tse tlatselletswang ka betaine 8001000 le 1750ngkg ka ho latellana, mme keketseho ya letsatsi le letsatsi e ile ya eketseha ka 8.71% N13 20% le 13.32%, boemo ba GH serum bo eketsehile ka 46.15%, 102.11% le 58.33% ka ho latellana, mme boemo ba IGF bo eketsehile ka 38.74%, 4.75% le 47.95% ka ho latellana (Yu Dongyou et al., 2001). Ho eketsoa ha betaine dijong ho ka boela ha ntlafatsa tshebetso ya ho ikatisa ya dikolobe tse tshehadi, ha eketsa boima ba tswalo le boholo ba dithole tse phelang tsa dikolobe tse tshehadi, mme ha ho na phello e mpe ho dikolobe tse tshehadi tse immeng.

Betainee ka ntlafatsa mamello ea lisele tsa baeloji mochesong o phahameng, letsoai le phahameng le tikoloho e phahameng ea osmotic, ea tsitsisa ts'ebetso ea enzyme le matla a kinetic a li-macromolecule tsa baeloji. Ha khatello ea osmotic ea lisele tsa lisele e fetoha, betaine e ka monngoa ke lisele, ea thibela tahlehelo ea metsi le ho kena ha letsoai ha lisele, ea ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea pompo ea Na ea lera la sele, ea boloka khatello ea osmotic ea lisele tsa lisele, ea laola tekanyo ea khatello ea osmotic ea lisele, ea fokotsa karabelo ea khatello ea maikutlo le ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mafu.Betainee na le litšobotsi tse tšoanang le electrolyte. Ha tsela ea tšilo ea lijo e hlaseloa ke likokoana-hloko, e na le phello ea tšireletso ea osmotic liseleng tsa tsela ea tšilo ea lijo ea likolobe. Ha likolobe tse nyane li lahleheloa ke metsi 'meleng le ho se leka-lekane ha ion ka lebaka la letšollo, betaine e ka thibela tahlehelo ea metsi ka katleho le ho qoba hyperkalemia e bakoang ke letšollo, e le ho boloka le ho tsitsisa tekanyo ea ion ea tikoloho ea tšilo ea lijo le ho etsa hore libaktheria tse molemo limela tsa likokoana-hloko tsa tsela ea tšilo ea lijo ea likolobe tse nyane tlas'a khatello ea ho khoesa li laole, Libaktheria tse kotsi li ke ke tsa ata ka bongata, li sireletsa tlhahiso e tloaelehileng ea li-enzyme tseleng ea tšilo ea lijo le botsitso ba ts'ebetso ea tsona, li ntlafatse kholo le nts'etsopele ea sistimi ea tšilo ea lijo ea likolobe tse nyane tse khoesitsoeng, li ntlafatse ho sileha ha lijo le sekhahla sa ts'ebeliso ea lijo, li eketsa ho ja lijo le ho eketsa boima ba 'mele letsatsi le letsatsi, li fokotsa letšollo haholo le ho khothaletsa kholo e potlakileng ea likolobe tse nyane tse khoesitsoeng.